Trieste (Italian: Trieste; Slovenian and Croatian: Trst; German: Triest) is a city and port in northeastern Italy right on the border with Slovenia. Trieste is located at the head of the Gulf of Trieste on the Adriatic Sea. With a population of 207,069 (2001) it is the capital of the autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trieste province.
Trieste flourished as part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire during the period 1867–1918 when it was among Central Europe's most prosperous Mediterranean seaports as well as a capital of literature and music. However, the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Trieste's annexation to Italy after World War I led to a decline in its economic and cultural importance.
Today, Trieste is a border town. The population is an ethnic mix of the neighboring regions; The dominant local Venetian dialect of Trieste is called Triestine ("Triestin" - pronounced /tri??stin/, in Italian "Triestino"). This dialect and the official Italian language are spoken in the city center while Slovenian is spoken in several of the immediate suburbs. The Venetian and the Slovenian languages are considered autochthonous to the area. There are also a small number of German-speakers.
The economy depends on the port and on trade with its neighboring regions. Throughout the Cold War Trieste was peripheral, but it is rebuilding some of its former influence.
Places of tourist interest in Trieste include numerous examples of Art Nouveau and neoclassical architecture from its Austrian past, the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, the International School for Advanced Studies and Trieste University.
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